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Epidemic of Pigs

A particular disease of pigs called “pseudorabies” also afflicts other four-footed animals. Sometimes the symptoms begin to show around 90-120 days, but some pigs die within 2 days after the signs are manifest, and others die within 12 hours thus, pigs must be vaccinated before they get sick.

Signs of the disease:

1. The pig begins to cough and lose appetite.
2. It walks backward and has no coordination in its movements.
3. Fever is at 41°C.
4. The pig throws up yellowish or has salivary vomiting.
5. The pigs eyes are reddish.
6. Pigs weighing 40-50 kilos or more are easily vulnerable and die within 2 days.
7. Sometimes, this disease is like pneumonia because the infection spreads near the lungs, and once the animal is weakened, other sicknesses come in.
8. If the pig with this disease is slaughtered, the liver shows white spots.

To counteract the disease: Some pigs that have been afflicted with this disease may recover even without medication, but some stop growing. And even after recovering, the sickness may recur once the animal becomes weakened.

Vaccination:

1. Vaccination is necessary two times a year for farrowing pigs, and every 6 months thereafter.
2. Once at age 7 months for fattening pigs until they are sold.
3. Piglets of vaccinated mother pigs are immune only until 8 weeks. They should be vaccinated after this time.

Effects of the disease on the pig are as follows:

Male pigs:

• the testicles change shape
• they lose their aggressiveness in mating.

Female pigs:

• abortion may result, or deliver dead piglets or the piglet may die in the womb.
• may become sterile.

Vitamin C for Pigs

According to researchers from the UP at Los Banos, hogs given 800 mg Vitamin C in every kilo of feed gain weight and grow faster than those not given the Vitamin. And when slaughtered, those given Vitamin C in their diet have more lean meat and did not have much fat on their back.

Cheap Protein for Pigs: Scrap Fish

One of the richest sources of protein for pigs is fish. But fishmeal is expensive and not easily available in some places. However, in places by the sea, there are opportunities to provide their pigs with cheap protein. Manner of Preparation:

1. Place the fishes in containers that are not metallic, must be clay pot or enamel.
2. For every 100 kilos of different fishes, add 3 liters mallic acid (or sulfuric acid). Acid stops the growth of microbes in the flesh of the fishes and from deterioration.
3. Put in an equal amount of corn, cassava, or grains. This will increase the carbohydrate content of the mixture and will lower the acid percentage in the feed.

The resulting 1.5% acid will not damage the stomach or intestine of the pigs.

Pig Manure — Feed for Pigs

It has been studied at the UP at Los Banos that fresh pig manure contains more or less 6% raw protein, 3.77% fat, 4% fiber, 70% water, 4.8% ash, less than 12% carbohydrates, over half percent calcium, and over a half percent phosphorus (which is higher than those derived from plants). When dried, this provides 27.7% protein, 43% carbohydrate, 16.5% ash, 10% water, 10-87% fiber and different minerals, and a kind of bacteria from the large intestine of the pig that ferments. This bacteria digests food that are difficult to digest like fibers, and this adds to the protein content.

Manner of Preparation:

1. Mix with ordinary meal like: 4 kilo copra meal, 1 kilo rice bran in every 5 kilos of pig manure.
2. Allow this to ferment in seven (7) days.
3. Mix with an equal amount of regular feed.

It was seen by the researchers that this mixture was acceptable to the pigs. They weighed 93.3% kilos in 111 days which were formerly 35.7 kilos. Those not given this feed weighed only 89.2 kilos in the same manner.

Water Lily for the Pigs

Water lily contains protein that can be substituted 25% for protein provided by soybean for a growing pig.

1. Grind the water lily leaves and strain in 5 mesh wire to get the juice that contains the substance.
2. Let it stay overnight to allow the solids to settle.
3. Dry the residue in the sun or in a dryer. When dried, grind in 20 min. size.
4. Mix with the pigs feed.

Pigs Also Need Attention and Care

Many studies have been made and had shown that all forms of life — animal or plant respond to care. It was tried by researchers on 3 months old piglets. One group was talked to and patted about 2 minutes three times a week. Another group was simply fed, pushed aside, shouted at, or not shown any attention as in the first group. It was seen that the piglets that were “loved” grew faster than those “unloved.” And mother pigs given care and attention gave more or less 21 piglets a year, while those raised ordinarily gave only about 16 piglets a year.

Foot-And-Mouth Disease (FMD)

Foot-and-mouth disease is an infectious disease afflicting cloven footed animals like cattle, carabao and pigs, characterized by ulcerous lesions at the mouth, teats and hoofs. The sick animal has fever, suffers lameness and loss of appetite.

Mode of Transmission

Manner of Infection

The virus of FMD can be transmitted through the air as far as 50 meters away, by direct contact with the infected animal, or indirectly through carriers like humans, other animals, flies and mosquitoes, and infected things and utensils. Humans, however, seem to have a natural resistance to the disease and so far, no case has been reported of Filipinos having contracted it. When a human inhales the virus, he harbors the disease in his body for as long as 24 hours, and can transmit it to others through the respiratory tract.

Control

1. Spray the animals quarters with formalin to protect from infestation.
2. Treat with alum or wash with concocted guava leaves. With continuous treatment, the disease can be cured in two or three weeks provided there is no complication of other ailments. Weight loss however, could take time to recover.

Precautionary Measures

1. Cook well through boiling meat that is suspected to have the infection, or in vinegar to destroy the virus.
2. Observe the animals, keep them clean, vaccinated and apart from infected ones. Separate those suspected of having the disease or those already afflicted.

For more information, contact:

National Federation of Hog Farmers (NFHF)
4/F Room 401 R & G Tirol Building 831 EDSA corner Eugenio Lopez Street
Brgy. South Triangle, Quezon City
Phone: (02) 924-2317, Fax: (02) 924-2259
E-mail: secretariat@nfhfi.org
source: elgu2.ncc.gov.ph, photo from trouwnutrition.com

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